BE3 Cytosine Base Editor
First-generation cytosine base editor achieving >30% C-to-T conversion without double-strand breaks. Foundation for all subsequent CBE development.
Origin: Rat APOBEC1 cytidine deaminase
Characteristics
Converts C to T at positions 4-8 within protospacer with average 30% efficiency in human cells. Single UGI domain protects edited uracil from excision. Indel formation averages 1.1% across genomic targets.
Applications
Pioneering tool for C-to-T transition mutations in research applications. Validated across multiple mammalian cell lines for proof-of-concept base editing. Foundation for understanding base editing mechanisms and constraints.
Limitations
Lower efficiency than fourth-generation editors like BE4max. Can generate bystander edits at multiple cytosines within editing window. Higher indel rates and C-to-non-T byproducts than optimized successors.
Literature References
- Komor et al. (2016). Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage. Nature - Komor 2016 BE3